Turkey


HOME Europe France Ukraine England Poland Austria Netherlands Portugal Spain Germany Azia Egypt Cyprus Turkey India Sri-Lanka China Japan Africa Tunisia Kenya Tanzania Zambia Botswana	The capital Ankara The territory of 780,580 square kilometers The population of 71,158 thousand. Turkish Language Currency Turkish Lira / TRY Turkey - the only country in the world, washed four warm seas (Mediterranean, Black, Marmara and Aegean). The country is famous for its natural beauty and rich history. Therefore, tour operators Turkish recommend it to all lovers of antiques and attractions. Tourism Turkey is building at the heart of the economy, so there are all the conditions for a perfect holiday. Weather in Turkey allows you to enjoy holidays at any time from May to October. In the minds of most visitors associate with the image of Turkey idyllic Mediterranean beaches, surrounded by a sea surface. However, this is only a fraction of the country's wealth. As the century common thread between Europe and Asia, Turkey is one of the great cradles of civilization. This is a proud country and astound delight for its historical and cultural treasures of any traveler. Climate in Turkey The mountainous territory of Turkey and the "breath" of the sea form the climatic zones. The average temperature on the Aegean and Mediterranean coast - 29 C in July and 9 C in January. Precipitation mostly in winter, and in Antalya their annual average 991 mm, and the Black Sea - 2438 mm. Rocky north-east with a warm summers and severe winters with average temperatures of - 9, precipitation is more evenly, and the snow is about 120 days. On the central plateau is dry and hot in summer (average temperature of 23 C), and winter - cold and wet (below 0 C). For tourists from the CIS season usually ends in late October. Day temperature is still quite high - you can sunbathe, but in the evening will have to throw a sweater or light jacket. Many Europeans come to Turkey in the early fall, so the case in hotels in this period is sometimes harder to find than in the "high" season. Traditions of Turkey Turkey - a country with a rich culture, which have left their mark on the one hand, Islam, on the other - the ancient traditions of the nomads. Despite the widespread cultivation of modernity and the Western way of life, traditions are strictly enforced. Ramadan, the holy month of (post). At this time, devout Muslims do not eat or drink from dawn to evening prayer. At this time, some of the restaurants are closed until sunset, and in the conservative country towns is considered bad form (even for non-Muslim) to eat, drink or smoke in front of everyone to the evening prayer (when the muezzin shouted the call to prayer from the minaret). Religious background have great holidays: Seker Bayram (Eid ul-Fitr), which ends the holy month of Ramadan (the ninth month of the Muslim lunar calendar) and Eid al-Adha, when sacrifices are made (in the twelfth month of the Muslim lunar calendar). Festival continues for 4 days. Circumcision of young boys - one of the most important family events, comparable only to that of the first communion in Europe. The luxurious uniform with plumes of feathers and ribbon future "man" before circumcision makes horse ride around the city or village. Military parades and dances accompanied by four major national holiday. Independence Day (April 23) and Youth Day (May 19) in almost all the villages are organized presentation, where children in colorful national costumes perform folk dances. Attractions in Turkey Bosphorus Bridge Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge - the second hinged bridge across the Bosphorus. Its construction began in 1985 and ended in 1988. This bridge provides a solid steel construction, with the stretch marks on the ropes. At length the bridge stretches for 1510 meters, and the distance to the water is 64 meters. Bridge is one of the largest in the world. For its erection had spent about $ 130 million. The supporting structure is made of flexible cables, ropes and chains that stretch. Used during the construction of steel ropes and cables. This engineering solution helps to significantly reduce the weight of the bridge and covers the major spans. The bridge has a little stiffness, because due to the traffic on it cable or chain change shape and form large deflections of the span. Second Bosphorus Bridge is closed to pedestrians walking because it numerous times tried to commit suicide. This is a rapid transit line, which must be paid before you leave. Every day for him moving about a hundred and fifty thousand vehicles to the number of passengers in five hundred thousand. Church of St. Sophia "Sophia" means "wisdom." Is the title of a great temple in Istanbul, "Hagia Sophia", burned in the fire 404, and again rebuilt by Justinian 1 (527-565). Byzantium in its present form in just five years. Monumental buildings towering over stretched dome with a diameter of 32 m interior is incomparable. variety of colors and shapes. amplification, gene enormous spatial impression: marble columns and walls, mosaic floors, carpets, silk drapes and precious jewel for the liturgy. The day after the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks Hagia Sophia was converted into a mosque. With 934 it is a museum. Belgrade forest Belgrade Forest, or Belgrade ormany - the largest park in Istanbul. It is located on the European side of the city at some distance from the Black Sea. In the Ottoman era Belgrade Forest, stretching from the foothills Istrandzha, covered an area of about 13,000 hectares, of which today there are only 5.442. This deciduous forest, which grow mainly oaks. In addition to these powerful giants can be found here eastern birch, hornbeam and Anatolian chestnut. Surprisingly, in the park preserved relic trees dating back centuries. The Belgrade Forest lives about 71 species of birds and 18 species of mammals. In the late hours leaving their shelters foxes and wolves, and on paths deep in the forest you can see wild boar and even deer. Especially prosperous life of the forest was once here was banned hunting. And if you move away as possible from the picnic sites, you will hear sounds incredible amount of wildlife, who may never have heard before. In the Ottoman era Belgrade Forest became the main source of water for Istanbul. Today, the park does not play such an important role in the water supply of Istanbul, but the best underground springs - Hyunkar, Kestane and Chirchir - are located here. In the Ottoman era Belgrade Forest visited exclusively by foreigners. The first picnic area was established here in 1956, near the source Neshet and dams. Today, there are seven such zones, the most popular of which is the area near the pond Byuyyuk. Thanks to the Belgrade forest turned into a hot spot, where the weekend attracts residents of Istanbul. Cities in Turkey Adana Adana - a city in Turkey, administrative center of the same name. Located on the Seyhan River, 50 kilometers from the shore of the Mediterranean Sea. City at various times belonged to different empires - Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman and Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. In the 16th century the city is under Turkish rule. Adana from antiquity is of strategic importance, being on the way between Syria and Asia Minor. One of the main attractions of Adana - an ancient stone bridge Tash Copra through Seyhan River, built in the 4th century. The total length of the bridge is 310 meters, it consists of 21 spans. Sabancı Merkez mosque, - the third largest Muslim temple world, he is able to accommodate almost 30,000 faithful. Six towering minarets of the mosque is 99 meters above the city, and the diameter of the dome is 32 meters. A place of attraction of local residents - Ceyhan Quay and Central Park, also bred the bank of the river. Park is considered one of the most beautiful places in the city: you can see a lot of fountains, canals and exotic plants. In the vicinity of Adana is an archaeological reserve Karatepe-Arslantash. Here tourists will Hittite reliefs and the ruins of the ancient settlement. At 40 kilometers east of the city of Adana Ceyhan is known ancient caravanserai and Snake castle built in the 12th century. Konya Konya - a city in Turkey, the center of the homonymous province. Located in central Anatolia. The area was settled long ago. At 50 kilometers from the modern town is the village of Catal Giiyuk, whose history goes back almost 10,000 years. Konya itself called Kuvanna was part of the Hittite kingdom about 4 thousand years ago. In the Greek city of documents appears as Ikonion, and the Bible is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles. During the Roman Empire the town in the province of Lycaonia and enjoyed the privileges of the colony. In the 12th century Konya for a time became the capital of a vast empire, including Iran and Iraq, but was later conquered by the Mongols, and then - the Ottomans. Istanbul Istanbul - a major city in the north-east of Turkey, one of the most populated cities in the world. Located on both sides of the Bosporus, on the coast of the Sea of Marmara. The strait separates the city into two parts - the European and Asian. Istanbul is the capital of the eponymous province. The city is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. (Official website of Istanbul. Istanbul - the ancient city. It was founded about a thousand years before our era. For many centuries of its existence, Istanbul many times changed the name. In ancient times, this land was a small town Ligos. In the VII century BC Greeks laid here the city of Byzantium and Chalcedon. In IV. BC Byzantium became the capital of the Roman Empire, so that increased several times, becoming, in fact, in the New Rome. This name is a long time stuck in the country for centuries and was used along with the official name - Constantinople (with 330). Slavs called it Constantinople. Up until the middle of the XV century, Constantinople was the capital of the mighty Byzantine Empire (the "break" in the XIII century. When to destroy the city Knights Crusaders founded here another Latin Empire). In 1453, Constantinople was conquered by the Turks, was renamed in Istanbul (in Russian pronunciation - Istanbul). There is a theory that the name is derived from the Greek phrase, meaning "in", "in the center of the city." More than 500 years Istanbul was the capital of the Ottoman Empire. After the First World War on its ruins, and founded the state of Turkey for five years (1918-1923 gg.) Turkish government is in Istanbul and then "moved" in Ankara. Today Istanbul, not being the capital of the country, it is the economic, industrial, transport, education and cultural center. Developed here, food processing, textiles, clothing, woodworking, printing industry. In Istanbul, are the leading universities of the country, the main offices of many major banks. One of the most powerful sectors of the economy is tourism. However, during the second half of XX century, the spa industry has suffered significantly due to environmental pollution. But in recent years, much attention is paid to environmental and Istanbul again became the center of recreation. Popular beaches are considered. Not far from the Sea of Marmara in Istanbul are the Princes Islands (Adalary). Tourists are attracted here untouched nature (on the islands is prohibited vehicles). Portal dedicated to tourism in Istanbul. Nevertheless, in Istanbul, most visitors come not for the beaches, but in order to see the many monuments of history and architecture. Lovers of antiquity must see ancient reservoir "Cistern" Aqueduct of Valens, the Hippodrome, the Golden Gate, Arch of Theodosius, and more. The eighth wonder of the world is transformed into a mosque once a Byzantine church of Hagia Sophia (now Hagia Sophia). Are dazzling palaces of Istanbul: Topkapi Palace, Yildiz Tekfur Shed, Hex, Beylerbeyi, etc. Worthy of attention are numerous mosques Sultanahmet ("Blue Mosque"), Suleymaniye Rustampasha, Bodrum, Yeni Cami, Beyazit. Rich collections stored Istanbul Museums - Archaeological, Mosaic, Museum of Turkish and Islamic culture, the Museum of art and culture and so on.

The capital Ankara
The territory of 780,580 square kilometers
The population of 71,158 thousand.
Turkish Language
Currency Turkish Lira / TRY

Turkey - the only country in the world, washed four warm seas (Mediterranean, Black, Marmara and Aegean). The country is famous for its natural beauty and rich history. Therefore, tour operators Turkish recommend it to all lovers of antiques and attractions. Tourism Turkey is building at the heart of the economy, so there are all the conditions for a perfect holiday. Weather in Turkey allows you to enjoy holidays at any time from May to October.

In the minds of most visitors associate with the image of Turkey idyllic Mediterranean beaches, surrounded by a sea surface. However, this is only a fraction of the country's wealth. As the century common thread between Europe and Asia, Turkey is one of the great cradles of civilization. This is a proud country and astound delight for its historical and cultural treasures of any traveler.

The mountainous territory of Turkey and the "breath" of the sea form the climatic zones. The average temperature on the Aegean and Mediterranean coast - 29 C in July and 9 C in January. Precipitation mostly in winter, and in Antalya their annual average 991 mm, and the Black Sea - 2438 mm. Rocky north-east with a warm summers and severe winters with average temperatures of - 9, precipitation is more evenly, and the snow is about 120 days. On the central plateau is dry and hot in summer (average temperature of 23 C), and winter - cold and wet (below 0 C).
For tourists from the CIS season usually ends in late October. Day temperature is still quite high - you can sunbathe, but in the evening will have to throw a sweater or light jacket.
Many Europeans come to Turkey in the early fall, so the case in hotels in this period is sometimes harder to find than in the "high" season.

Turkey - a country with a rich culture, which have left their mark on the one hand, Islam, on the other - the ancient traditions of the nomads. Despite the widespread cultivation of modernity and the Western way of life, traditions are strictly enforced.

Ramadan, the holy month of (post). At this time, devout Muslims do not eat or drink from dawn to evening prayer. At this time, some of the restaurants are closed until sunset, and in the conservative country towns is considered bad form (even for non-Muslim) to eat, drink or smoke in front of everyone to the evening prayer (when the muezzin shouted the call to prayer from the minaret).

Religious background have great holidays:

Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge - the second hinged bridge across the Bosphorus. Its construction began in 1985 and ended in 1988. This bridge provides a solid steel construction, with the stretch marks on the ropes. At length the bridge stretches for 1510 meters, and the distance to the water is 64 meters. Bridge is one of the largest in the world. For its erection had spent about $ 130 million. The supporting structure is made of flexible cables, ropes and chains that stretch. Used during the construction of steel ropes and cables. This engineering solution helps to significantly reduce the weight of the bridge and covers the major spans. The bridge has a little stiffness, because due to the traffic on it cable or chain change shape and form large deflections of the span. Second Bosphorus Bridge is closed to pedestrians walking because it numerous times tried to commit suicide. This is a rapid transit line, which must be paid before you leave. Every day for him moving about a hundred and fifty thousand vehicles to the number of passengers in five hundred thousand.

"Sophia" means "wisdom." Is the title of a great temple in Istanbul, "Hagia Sophia", burned in the fire 404, and again rebuilt by Justinian 1 (527-565). Byzantium in its present form in just five years. Monumental buildings towering over stretched dome with a diameter of 32 m interior is incomparable. variety of colors and shapes. amplification, gene enormous spatial impression: marble columns and walls, mosaic floors, carpets, silk drapes and precious jewel for the liturgy. The day after the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks Hagia Sophia was converted into a mosque. With 934 it is a museum.

Belgrade Forest, or Belgrade ormany - the largest park in Istanbul. It is located on the European side of the city at some distance from the Black Sea. In the Ottoman era Belgrade Forest, stretching from the foothills Istrandzha, covered an area of about 13,000 hectares, of which today there are only 5.442.

This deciduous forest, which grow mainly oaks. In addition to these powerful giants can be found here eastern birch, hornbeam and Anatolian chestnut. Surprisingly, in the park preserved relic trees dating back centuries. The Belgrade Forest lives about 71 species of birds and 18 species of mammals. In the late hours leaving their shelters foxes and wolves, and on paths deep in the forest you can see wild boar and even deer. Especially prosperous life of the forest was once here was banned hunting. And if you move away as possible from the picnic sites, you will hear sounds incredible amount of wildlife, who may never have heard before.

In the Ottoman era Belgrade Forest became the main source of water for Istanbul. Today, the park does not play such an important role in the water supply of Istanbul, but the best underground springs - Hyunkar, Kestane and Chirchir - are located here. In the Ottoman era Belgrade Forest visited exclusively by foreigners. The first picnic area was established here in 1956, near the source Neshet and dams. Today, there are seven such zones, the most popular of which is the area near the pond Byuyyuk. Thanks to the Belgrade forest turned into a hot spot, where the weekend attracts residents of Istanbul.

Adana - a city in Turkey, administrative center of the same name. Located on the Seyhan River, 50 kilometers from the shore of the Mediterranean Sea.
City at various times belonged to different empires - Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman and Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. In the 16th century the city is under Turkish rule. Adana from antiquity is of strategic importance, being on the way between Syria and Asia Minor.
One of the main attractions of Adana - an ancient stone bridge Tash Copra through Seyhan River, built in the 4th century. The total length of the bridge is 310 meters, it consists of 21 spans. Sabancı Merkez mosque, - the third largest Muslim temple world, he is able to accommodate almost 30,000 faithful. Six towering minarets of the mosque is 99 meters above the city, and the diameter of the dome is 32 meters.
A place of attraction of local residents - Ceyhan Quay and Central Park, also bred the bank of the river. Park is considered one of the most beautiful places in the city: you can see a lot of fountains, canals and exotic plants.
In the vicinity of Adana is an archaeological reserve Karatepe-Arslantash. Here tourists will Hittite reliefs and the ruins of the ancient settlement. At 40 kilometers east of the city of Adana Ceyhan is known ancient caravanserai and Snake castle built in the 12th century.

Konya - a city in Turkey, the center of the homonymous province. Located in central Anatolia.
The area was settled long ago. At 50 kilometers from the modern town is the village of Catal Giiyuk, whose history goes back almost 10,000 years. Konya itself called Kuvanna was part of the Hittite kingdom about 4 thousand years ago. In the Greek city of documents appears as Ikonion, and the Bible is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles. During the Roman Empire the town in the province of Lycaonia and enjoyed the privileges of the colony.
In the 12th century Konya for a time became the capital of a vast empire, including Iran and Iraq, but was later conquered by the Mongols, and then - the Ottomans.

Istanbul - a major city in the north-east of Turkey, one of the most populated cities in the world. Located on both sides of the Bosporus, on the coast of the Sea of Marmara.
The strait separates the city into two parts - the European and Asian. Istanbul is the capital of the eponymous province. The city is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. (Official website of Istanbul.
Istanbul - the ancient city. It was founded about a thousand years before our era. For many centuries of its existence, Istanbul many times changed the name. In ancient times, this land was a small town Ligos. In the VII century BC Greeks laid here the city of Byzantium and Chalcedon. In IV. BC Byzantium became the capital of the Roman Empire, so that increased several times, becoming, in fact, in the New Rome. This name is a long time stuck in the country for centuries and was used along with the official name - Constantinople (with 330). Slavs called it Constantinople.
Up until the middle of the XV century, Constantinople was the capital of the mighty Byzantine Empire (the "break" in the XIII century. When to destroy the city Knights Crusaders founded here another Latin Empire). In 1453, Constantinople was conquered by the Turks, was renamed in Istanbul (in Russian pronunciation - Istanbul).
There is a theory that the name is derived from the Greek phrase, meaning "in", "in the center of the city." More than 500 years Istanbul was the capital of the Ottoman Empire. After the First World War on its ruins, and founded the state of Turkey for five years (1918-1923 gg.) Turkish government is in Istanbul and then "moved" in Ankara.
Today Istanbul, not being the capital of the country, it is the economic, industrial, transport, education and cultural center. Developed here, food processing, textiles, clothing, woodworking, printing industry. In Istanbul, are the leading universities of the country, the main offices of many major banks.
One of the most powerful sectors of the economy is tourism. However, during the second half of XX century, the spa industry has suffered significantly due to environmental pollution. But in recent years, much attention is paid to environmental and Istanbul again became the center of recreation.
Popular beaches are considered. Not far from the Sea of Marmara in Istanbul are the Princes Islands (Adalary). Tourists are attracted here untouched nature (on the islands is prohibited vehicles). Portal dedicated to tourism in Istanbul.
Nevertheless, in Istanbul, most visitors come not for the beaches, but in order to see the many monuments of history and architecture. Lovers of antiquity must see ancient reservoir "Cistern" Aqueduct of Valens, the Hippodrome, the Golden Gate, Arch of Theodosius, and more. The eighth wonder of the world is transformed into a mosque once a Byzantine church of Hagia Sophia (now Hagia Sophia).
Are dazzling palaces of Istanbul: Topkapi Palace, Yildiz Tekfur Shed, Hex, Beylerbeyi, etc. Worthy of attention are numerous mosques Sultanahmet ("Blue Mosque"), Suleymaniye Rustampasha, Bodrum, Yeni Cami, Beyazit. Rich collections stored Istanbul Museums - Archaeological, Mosaic, Museum of Turkish and Islamic culture, the Museum of art and culture and so on.