HOME
Europe
France
Ukraine
England
Poland
Austria
Netherlands
Portugal
Spain
Germany
Azia
Egypt
Cyprus
Turkey
India
Sri-Lanka
China
Japan
Africa
Tunisia
Kenya
Tanzania
Zambia
Botswana |
Japan - an island state in the long arc
stretching 3400km from north to south along the eastern part of the
Asian continent. It takes four large islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku
and Kyushu) and about 900 small islands with a total area of 372.6
thousand square meters. km.
By population - 123.9 million. people - the country ranks sixth in the
world. Per 1 square km area in Japan has an average of 340 people. Two
thirds of the country is covered by mountains and hills. About 57% of
Japan's population is concentrated in the plains, facing the Pacific
Ocean, in an area that constitutes only 2.2% of the country. The density
dosdigaet 7712 people per 1 sq. km. km.
Climate in Japan
Climate extreme
differences are due to considerable length of Japan from north to south.
The extreme north of the country are cold climate zone, central - in
moderation, southern - in subtropical. In Japan, there are four climatic
regions - moderately cold (Hokkaido), moderately warm (Honshu Island),
subtropical (the island of Kyushu and the northern part of the Ryukyu
archipelago) and tropical (southern part of the Ryukyu archipelago).
Winters in the north are cold. The average January temperature in
Hokkaido - 10 ° C. In February and March are frequent snow storms and
blizzards. To escape the drifts, people are building special covered
sidewalks ("gangs"), which are converted in the winter in the snow
tunnels. In the south, winters are warm, +17 ° C, and dry. Japan's
position on the boundary of the Eurasian continent and the world's
greatest ocean determines two important characteristics of its climate -
monsoon and humidity. In addition, the climate of the country imprinted
its insular nature, vertical dissected relief and ocean currents.
Climate Japanese islands not only wetter mainland at the same latitude,
but much warmer. In the summer, come from the Pacific warm and moist
winds.
Japan's sweltering summer, rainy and overcast. Even the night
temperatures in most of the country did not fall below +23-25 ° C. On
the coast of the adverse effects on the body of such a combination of
temperature and humidity mitigated to some extent by the winds. Warm
Kuroshio Current, "Japanese Gulf Stream" has a major impact on global
warming. Severoekvatorialnoe warm current gives a branch in the Sea of
Japan - between the southern Ryukyu Islands and the island of Taiwan
is warm Tsushima Current (width - 185 km, velocity - 3 miles per hour),
the main flow out into the ocean and follows along the eastern coast of
the Japanese islands (the width - up to 500 km, speed - 2.1 miles per
hour). Kuroshio water temperature within the East China Sea at 3-9 °
higher than the water main, and is +28 ° C in August and +20 ° C in
February. Islands north of 38 ° latitude washed Oyashio cold current,
the power of which punctuated the summer during snowmelt in Bering Sea.
Therefore, in the area of the Oyashio summer wet, foggy and cold.
The impact of the two trends exacerbate the differences in climate
between the North and South Islands and makes it clearer than that
dictated by geographical location. Precipitation falls more in Japan
than in the neighboring parts of the continent. Most moistened slopes
intercepting monsoon flow, the least - intermountain basin and the
Inland Sea coast. An important consequence of the monsoon circulation
are climatic differences between the west and the east coast of the
country. Summer east coast subjected Pacific monsoon has increased
cloudiness and precipitation and cooler temperatures. Weaker moistened
west coast. In July and August, the islands are often typhoons, which is
accompanied by a powerful cloud, heavy and extended rains and
hurricane-force winds.
Traditions of Japan
The Japanese call their
country "Nihon", which means "The beginning of the sun." Japanese myths
say that the ancestor of the Japanese Sun Goddess Amaterasu was - is, in
fact, explains the name. In the West, another name stuck - Japan - from
the Chinese characters reading "The Beginning of the Sun." After all,
the West first learned about Japan through China since Marco Polo. You
probably already have a preconceived idea about the features of the
Rising Sun: Buddhist temples, ikebana, traditional gardens, kimono,
martial arts. You probably eat sushi, play computer games, and you know
a lot of things that we use every day are made in Japan. And yet most
people long before the visit to the country are asking, "What exactly is
the real Japan?" Visitors are amazed at how much of Japan's past
continues today. Notably, as a country with such enthusiasm in the late
XIX century. into the arms of modernization (and in some areas, and
"Westernization"), carefully preserve and sustain their cultural
heritage. This is especially the specific types of Japanese art as
ikebana (flower arrangement) and calligraphy, traditional Noh and
Kabuki, arts and crafts (pottery and porcelain, lacquerware, textiles
and paints). We have included in this list, and sumo wrestling, which
has two thousand years, the entire population watching with great
interest for the six major sumo competition, held annually in Tokyo and
other cities, and continuing for 15 days each.
Captures the imagination of foreigners especially the mysterious world
of the samurai, their romantic Bushido ("the way of the warrior"),
leading to widespread enthusiasm for Japanese martial arts, including
kendo (fencing), kyudo (archery), along with judo, aikido and karate
(types of self-defense without weapons).
Traditional cultural framework has been so important to the Japanese
themselves, especially in a rapidly changing post-war world of high
technology, the period of reconstruction and rehabilitation of the
country, that in 1950, the government promulgated a law, known as the
"Act of the cultural heritage." Under this law, shall establish a broad
table of ranks, distinguishing the level of masters of arts and crafts.
The best of them awarded the title of "national treasures" during his
lifetime. Every year in this list the new names were added, and the
government has established an annual scholarship holders of this title
to promote success in their work.
Attractions in
Japan
Katsura Palace
Katsura Palace - is a
country palace of the Emperor of Japan.
It is believed, from the beginning of the 9th century of the land owned
by one aristocratic family in Japan, and then it was bought by Prince -
the younger brother of the Emperor. Prince was a very versatile man, he
loved poetry, and art. He often painted. This love of art was bound to
affect the aesthetic appearance of the palace.
To complete the construction of the palace prince could not, but after
his death by his son build. He inherited a love of art and to carry out
further building in the same style. In the late 19th century, the palace
became the property of the Emperor.
The palace was built on the banks of the river Katsura. Palace area is
56 thousand square meters. m In the center is a beautiful pond with a
few islands, connected to each other with wooden bridges. The people who
are in the pool, the illusion of motion space.
The main part of the ensemble consists of three integrated Seine - the
traditional Japanese architectural structure in the style of the 19th
century. In buildings, you will find the desired shade in the summer,
and see real sunlight in the winter.
Inside the Seine there are living room, which was once home to the
Prince. On the walls painted a landscape that is perceived as a real
landscape. Also sophistication palace attached to the use of natural
materials such as bamboo, stone and moss.
In the courtyard of the palace is a small Buddhist temple, full of
Chinese style. Front gate of the temple shall be opened only to the
members of the imperial family.
The Imperial Palace is beautiful at any time of the year and always
attracts many tourists to its walls.
City Opera
Let's start with
Shinjuku, this is absolutely amazing and unlike the rest of the Tokyo
area. Hallmark of concrete jungle cities are skyscrapers, such as the
Town Hall and Opera City skyscraper, which will be discussed.
Tokyo Opera City is located to the south-west of the Nishi-Shinjuku is a
complex of the new National Theatre of Japan and Tokyo Opera City Tower
Tower.
Complex built in 1996 and has 54 floors. Building height is 234 meters,
and the total area of about 242 thousand square meters. The tower
itself is an office building that does not stand out, except for its
size of course.
The main point of the tourist attraction in the area is not a tower, and
the building was built at the foot of a skyscraper, the New National
Theatre Tokyo.
Construction and opening of the New National Theatre in Tokyo was
produced in 1997, a year later than the tower itself.
Visitors have a choice of three theaters, the Opera House, the House
Game and Yama, they are great for public speaking.
New National Theatre Opera City is valued for its modern stage equipment
and unusual architecture. Theater for its long history has not won
international recognition. Except those of the corpse home, the New
National Theatre Tokyo used for educational purposes for young actors
and theater events as opera and ballet, exhibitions, performances of
different creative teams including the famous troupe of children and
young people in Japan, in general, the theater is used for all that is
connected with the theater.
Due to the large number of tourists in the theater was a library, and
even a video library that is accessible to all and in different
languages. In the theater, a shop and a permanent exhibition of costumes
and sets used in the productions of the theater.
In terms of funding, Opera City, has no problems, because he gets money
from the government grants and private donations from private companies.
In addition to the donations and help from the authorities, the theater
has its own, very good income.
In spite of the financial wealth of theater, film directors and actors
often complain of bureaucratic restrictions on management style, which
in principle is a constant problem throughout Japan.
Currently ballet seeks to win a place in the top ten most respected
companies in the world. Ballet has performed in such venues as the
Kennedy Center, in Washington and at the Bolshoi Theatre.
Tokyo City Hall
In contrast to the narrow
streets and low buildings scattered how horrible all over Tokyo, in
western Shinjuku wide and spacious avenues and tall skyscrapers. There
is the famous Tokyo municipality.
Instead of the army of tourists with cameras you will find people in
suits, white shirts and of course, expensive tie. This means that there
is the city municipality, in other words - the main administrative
building of the city.
Building was built in 1991 and consists of two towers of 48 storeys, the
length of the building reaches 243 meters. Headquarters City Hall is one
of the latest creations by Kenzo Tange Japanese architect. Unbelievable,
but this is an administrative skyscraper observation deck, it is
available all year round and officials have become accustomed to the
constant flow of tourists. From the observation deck, on a clear day,
one can see Mount Fuji and the many attractions of the city of Tokyo.
The City of Tokyo is not afraid to take new ideas and looks at the
problems of the city in a modern way. For example, with a shortage of
electricity, the Tokyo municipality introduced a new work schedule,
according to which the first shift workers started in 7 hours and 30
minutes, and finished in 16 hours and 15 minutes. Thus, the city reduced
the energy consumption in your building, as much as 25 percent.
City Hall is located five minutes from the main train station and a
restaurant with a beautiful view of the city.
In front you can see the monument of bronze lord Dokan Ota, who built
the castle in Chiyoda, later received the status of the Imperial Palace.
The population of the city is fairly by their government, and the
current rate of development of the city.
The city government cares about the population and spends huge sums to
support the cleanliness and order in the city. With so many people and
the growing number of tourists, easy to keep clean and tidy, but the
power to cope. To control all sectors and to address the problems of the
city and its citizens, in the urban municipality of the city of Tokyo
has about 3,000 employees. Unbelievable, but we must try to find out
unmade in the morning, or a bad way, even all the lights are on. The
town has only one big problem, prices are biting, it is noticeable
immediately upon arrival at the airport, the taxi will have to pay an
average of $ 50, no less. Authorities have long been struggling with
high prices in the city, but so far without success.
Cities in
Japan
Tokyo
Tokyo
- the capital of Japan. This city is located on the island of Honshu, in
the south-eastern part. The city's area is 2187 km ², and the population
- 15.57 million people, is also the highest among all Japanese cities.
Generally, officially Tokyo - is not a city, and metropolitan area,
which consists of 62 administrative units.
60 years of the last century in the city of Tokyo in Japan had a huge
number of industrial enterprises. But nowadays vyvili large enterprises
of the city. And it is now mainly develops high-tech industries.
In recent decades, Tokyo on a world map into one of the world's major
cities. This contributed to a convenient transport infrastructure and
two Haneda Airport and Narita, and seaport. Still, Tokyo is the line
through expressways and trains, which through a densely built-up
neighborhoods, paved trestle with multilevel interchanges. Every day,
public transport services are used by about 25 million people.
Tokyo - this is one of the most important cultural and scientific
centers in Japan. There are very old universities, including Waseda,
Keio, José and the University of Tokyo. Also in the city, there are
dozens and hundreds of art galleries, private and public museums, which
can be seen on detailed tourist map of Tokyo. Only in one of Tokyo
Museum has more than 85,000 works of art, art and sculpture.
Another of Tokyo in Japan is called the city of contrasts. Here
beautifully perfect balance narrow streets and fashionable neighborhoods
of modern building. One of the favorite holiday destinations of urban
residents are public gardens and parks. Also, on the map of Tokyo in
2953, there are Buddhist and Shinto temple in 1750, one of which has a
wonderful Meiji Jingu shrine.
Kudamatsu
Japan
has a reputation of one of the most mysterious and exotic world. Far and
near, simple and mysterious, it captures the imagination of its
exoticism. And visit this mysterious country not dispel prevailing myth.
"I was in a fairy tale" - say people who have visited Japan.
Unquestioning obedience and submission - in the blood of this nation. Do
not worry, when I met you at the doorstep of his home Japanese woman
falls to her knees, laying on the floor in front of him and pressed his
forehead against them - as it expresses its respect. By the way, do not
try to shake the owner's hand in greeting: it is not accepted. The
submission of a European long-held image of the "Land of the Rising
Sun." At the word "Japan" in the imagination of a lively pop beauty of
Japanese girls, virtuosic pas karate masters, plus Fuji, cherry
blossoms, flower arrangements, netsuke, Rock Garden, sake and ancient
imperial dynasty. About the historical events of the past resemble
numerous monuments of those times: castles, Buddhist temples of Kyoto,
Nara, etc. All this will be Japan. Or the illusion of it. With the
illusion of never part, it is saturated. And in all this, I tried to
understand his work.
Nishinomiya
Nishinomiya
- Japan's central city in Hyogo prefecture on the island of Honshu, the
industrial suburb of Osaka. The city area of 99.96 km ², population -
482 462 people (1 May 2010), population density - 4826.55 inhabitants /
km ². Economy includes metalworking, textile and food industries, as
well as optical and precision machinery.
The city is Forest Park Kabutoyama. Forest Park Kabutoyama located at
the foot of Kabuto in the east of the ridge Rocco. The park is 83
hectares, about 90 percent of its territory is occupied by forests.
Founded November 10, 1970.
The city is the scene of the animated series "The Melancholy of Haruhi
Suzumiya"
|
|